High-Functioning or Low-Functioning? Yes, I Am!

In this life I am missing the ability to go out into the world and just be accepted for my natural autistic self. I must inhibit so many of my natural responses just to fit in enough for others to allow me a place in the world.  I have discovered that to have a place in this world I need to fit into it in a way that makes sense to the majority. For me, this isn’t a good or a bad thing, just merely the way it is. Fitting into the world is something I need to balance with the essence of my being so as to come out in the most positive manner possible.

Are You High-Functioning?
A few years ago I took a pottery class for adults – not disabled adults – just plain ordinary adults. I explained my obvious-at-the-time movement differences in terms of my autism. Several weeks later out of the blue, a fellow potter asked, “So Judy, are you high-functioning?”

In the context of working on my hand-built sculpture, surrounded by others using potter’s wheels I replied, “Some days. And you?” My question was never answered. Only silence followed. It wasn’t until I was on my way home that I figured out the question was meant to be in reference to my autism – not to my sculpture building abilities!

High- Versus Low-Functioning
Many times when I disclose my autism the first question I am asked is whether I am high-functioning or low-functioning. People are not at all meaning to be rude, but rather, just trying to understand what they think is important about me.

In reality high-functioning and low-functioning are not real labels, having no definition, no skill set lists, and no diagnostic criteria. Yet these words are often used to determine opportunities that will be denied or extended to an autistic and in assigning the correct amount of personal responsibility and blame to an autistic for the way his autism plays out in everyday life.

Working to be Accepted by Society
Even though high-functioning is not a real thing and even though I am embarrassed to admit this, I would rather be seen as high-functioning than as low-functioning as this somehow has come to mean that others see me as a better human being. I have discovered the more I can look like a neurotypical (NT) person the more opportunities I am given in life.

I now manage my own business that includes quite a bit of traveling and public speaking. By planning several days of quiet downtime before traveling I am able to inhibit my natural tendencies and perform for up to several days at a time. While this is great in that it enables me to be a financially independent human being, it also makes me understand that the “real of me” is largely unacceptable in society at large.

The “Real of Me”
This “real of me” is nothing more than my low-functioning ways! Some of my friends tell me that I do not need to inhibit my natural self when I am with them. For these friends who tolerate the “real of me” – even though they want to tolerate it – it is difficult for them. In addition, I have learned along the way that if I take them up on their offer that they, in turn, will limit their time with me because my natural ways exhaust and drain them. They are not bad people – it is simply the way their neurology as an NT plays out for them.

To me this is one of the hardest things about autism. It is hard for everyone. And yet, I have some real friends in this life. Together, we tend to adore each other’s essence – that “stuff” that makes us who we are – while working out the challenges that physical proximity often brings to our friendship. We may not always look like typical friends, but we connect by the steel-strong threads that run between our souls. It is this connection that makes the meaningfulness in our friendship rather than our outward social graces.

So, high-functioning or low-functioning? It is often the first question asked when my autism is disclosed. I now answer, “Yes, I am.” It is the truth and it weeds out the interested masses from a future potential friend!

Tips for Supporting Your Child to Fit In While Valuing Who He Is

  • Implement planned down time before outings or events where your child will be required to be around others.
  • Think through options of how your child might “fit in” so that he is more likely to succeed in a variety of ways, rather than to fail if he is not able to act as the world expects. Example: At a family gathering options might include 1) being in the main area of the house interacting with the guests, 2) sitting off to the side in the main area of the house playing on his iPad, 3) inviting one cousin to play iPad games on the extra iPad in the den that has been closed off to guests.
  • Provide opportunities for your child to participate in social events that are neurologically friendly to him such as going to a sensory friendly movie theater. The idea is to balance the “fitting in” with times of honoring who he is, setting up enjoyable opportunities that don’t include the challenges that make it difficult for him to fit in with crowds.
  • Remember, being social is not rewarding in and of it self for most autistics. It is hard work. Consider rewarding this as you would reward any accomplishment of hard work.
  • Provide access to other children on the spectrum so your child can experience a sense of community while free to be himself.

References

Endow, J. (2012). Learning the Hidden Curriculum: The Odyssey of One Autistic Adult. Shawnee Mission, KS: AAPC Publishing.

Endow, J. (2006). Making Lemonade: Hints for Autism’s Helpers.  Cambridge, WI: CBR Press.

Endow, J. (2009). Paper Words: Discovering and Living with My Autism. Shawnee Mission, KS: AAPC Publishing

Painting by Judy Endow
. The Art of Judy Endow. 2012. www.judyendow.com/Art.html.

Related Posts Plugin for WordPress, Blogger...

Judy Endow, MSW About Judy Endow, MSW

Judy is an author and international speaker on a variety of autism-related topics. She is actively involved in many autism organizations. Besides having autism herself, Judy is the parent of three now grown sons, one of whom is on the autism spectrum. Learn more about Judy Endow .



  • http://www.facebook.com/char.brandl Char Brandl

    As always, you have said this so well. I love the painting, and love, love, love the comment about the “steel-strong threads that run between our souls.” This is what I see in the young people I work with. They really ARE connected – and sometimes I start to feel connected also. It’s a wonderful feeling.

  • http://www.facebook.com/CMR21 Chloe Rothschild

    Judy, I loved this article! So well said! :) Great job!

  • kardancing

    This is one of the best, most direct and basic articles about autism that I have ever read. Thank you so much! My son is “high functioning” and I hope he grows up to know that his true friends will accept him always, even on his “low functioning” days.

  • MH

    My son is labeled “high functioning” all the time, as in “…but he’s VERY high-functioning!” I have learned to respond “Except when he’s not.”

    It reminds me of the people who ask if you have a “good baby.” What the frack does that mean? Are there “bad” babies?

  • Ariane Zurcher

    Love that you wrote this – “It reminds me of the people who ask if you have a “good baby.”" Perfect!

  • Ariane Zurcher

    Wonderful post Judy!

  • http://twitter.com/speechninja Karen Head

    Another wonderful article. Thank you!

  • lorraine doyle

    great stuff , will share with our support group , thank you Judy

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    Glad to know this may help some in your support group! Thanks for sharing.

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    You are welcome, Karen!

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    Thanks for your kind words, Ariane!

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    Isn’t that the truth!!!

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    I share your hope for your son and for ever so many more kids growing up with autism. We know more now than ever before in history and we have ever so much further to go. We live in exciting times!

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    Thanks :)

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    Wish more could see what you see, Char! The rest of the world is lucky to have you roaming around here with us!

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    :)

  • obie

    Tips for Supporting Your Child to Fit In While Valuing Who He Is <- OR SHE,

  • Karl

    I often find parents will label their child as High Functioning for those very reasons, so as not to have people look at their child as less than something else. It seems to be a coping strategy.

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    Yes, I have run into this too, Kari.

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    yes, in my writing I use “he” and “she” interchangeably – in blogs and in books.

  • http://www.facebook.com/martianne.stanger Martianne Stanger

    What a wonderfully honest, informative and helpful piece.

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    Thank you.

  • http://www.facebook.com/jill.jones1 Jill Jones

    I love your answer- “Yes, I am.”

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    thanks! I like it too :)

  • Chelsea

    Unless this is satire, this reeks of internalized ableism. You realize that attitudes like this are part of the problem? So you can pass as NT, good for you. You are quite privileged. What about those who actually are labeled LFA, and cannot inhibit their behaviors like you do? Do you think they deserve to be excluded because of their use of AAC devices, hand-flapping, or even their honest-to-god reactions to sensory overloads?

    It appears that you think NTs will never learn to be more accepting of autistic people, and that is really, really sad. Yes, there are always going to be bigots, but they deserve to be taken with a grain of salt. You should not be giving into societal prejudice by allowing others to ask you invasive questions about your functionality. It does not matter if they have good intentions. Just like autistics, NTs also need to learn that it is rude to ask certain kinds of questions.

  • http://www.facebook.com/JudyEndow Judy Endow

    Thanks for weighing in with your opinion.

  • Joe

    Why disclose your autism at all? Is it really important that you tell people? I get that it’s your job to travel around and speak about it. But in other circumstances (say, taking a pottery class with a group of perfect strangers) maybe just keep it to yourself. Unless you want to brandish it like a badge of distinction or something. Yes, people can be jerks. But at least they’re trying to understand, as you suggested. You do have some culpability here, but I don’t see you owning that in the article; rather, the fault seems to lie with everyone else. Consider that people in a pottery class have a completely different set of expectations than people attending a lecture on autism. If someone at a pottery class told me that they had autism, I’d probably shrug and privately wonder why it even came up.

  • Judy Endow

    Thanks for your comment Joe. My autism frequently comes up in many settings because part of the way it presents in my body is with unreliable movement. In the pottery class I was not able to safely move large sculptures so others would do it for me. People become concerned when they see erratic movement, sometimes thinking I am drunk or high on some sort of illicit drug, so it is just easier to explain. Thank you for your concern.

  • Joe

    That must be difficult. Thank you for explaining. I will avoid using the terms HF / LF when referring to autism spectrum disorders. And I agree with Chelsea, that people really shouldn’t ask in the first place. But I am still a bit confused. After all, doesn’t the word “spectrum” itself refer to the various states of social, behavioral, and cognitive functionality that accompany these disorders, and can’t those various states be distributed (albeit crudely) across a linear model, one end of which is less desirable than the other? In terms of fast and dirty classifications, what alternatives are there to HF / LF?

  • Judy Endow

    At this point in time HF/LF seem to be the terms used. We do need some sort of system to better describe how autism presents in various groups of individuals across the spectrum because this enables us to sort out who needs what in terms of supports/interventions. There is great work being done on phenotypes – in fact research funding is now being awarded to research projects based on phenotypes. The reason HF/LF doesn’t work well is because of the assumptions that have become attached to these labels over time – assuming cognitive ability based on what can be seen when looking at behaviors, speaking/communication ability, movement differences, etc. Labels can be helpful, but when erroneous assumptions are attached they not only lose the helpfulness, but in many cases support “othering” and lead to discrimination and less opportunity made available to persons with the label. To replace the HF/LF terms with new labels at this point would likely not be successful because people would just transfer their erroneous assumptions of HF/LF to the new labels. I think once the phenotypes become more widely known we will be able to come up with more accurate and helpful terms. Just my opinion.